Thrush

Thrush is a fungal infection caused by a fungus known as Candida. There are over a hundred types of fungi belonging to the Candida species, however only a few cause infection in humans. The most common one that causes infection is called Candida albicans. The parts of the body that are most commonly infected by Candida are the oral cavity and the vagina.

Vaginal thrush causes inflammation of the vagina (see Vaginal inflammation and Vaginal infection) which results in itching, burning, discharge and an unpleasant odour. Although Candida is commonly present in a woman's vagina, an overgrowth and subsequent inflammation only occurs in conditions suitable for the growth of the fungi. Factors which may affect the conditions of the vagina (such as the pH and naturally occurring bacteria) range from chemical (douches, creams, lubricants, medications etc) to a weakened immune system. A weak immune system is not able to control and prevent the growth of the fungi as efficiently as a strong and healthy immune system. Vaginal thrush is often very uncomfortable and may cause considerable distress and even a lack of self confidence and embarrassment.

A healthy lifestyle, including a diet that helps maintain an optimal pH and avoiding irritants can considerably reduce recurrence and severity of vaginal thrush. Thrush may also occur on the head of a male’s penis or foreskin causing symptoms such as redness, itching and burning.

Oral thrush is most commonly found in children and people with a weak immune system. White patches on the tongue, inner cheeks and palate may indicate oral thrush. Oral thrush rarely causes excessive discomfort, however itching and sensitivity may occur. Strengthening the immune system and eating a healthy diet may help prevent oral thrush. Stress and emotional shock or trauma may cause a disturbance in one’s pH and immune system, resulting in either oral or vaginal thrush. If your condition has not resolved within 1 week, then please consult your healthcare practitioner.

Treatment

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